violence
Military History
COLD WAR AFRICA: PROXY WARS AND THEIR IMPACT
The Cold War in Africa, spanning from the late 1940s to the early 1990s, transformed the continent into a key arena for proxy...
Border Security
REFUGEE MOVEMENTS AND BORDER FORCE DILEMMAS
In today’s world of conflict, climate change, and widening economic divides, refugee movements have reached historic levels and placed border security under immense...
Crisis
THE SILENT CRISIS: PTSD AMONG AFRICA’S MILITARY VETERANS
Across Africa, where wars and insurgencies have scarred nations for decades, a hidden crisis is unfolding among military veterans. These men and women,...
